A Message From Paul

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This page is for the linguistic analysis of the message sent on January 20, 2010 by Paul Frommer to the Na'vi language community. See the Corpus for more background information.

NB: This is the version of Na'rìghawnu 15:55, 26 January 2010 (UTC). Please, feel free to discuss any dubious points.

Abbreviations (in alphabetical order):

1 = 1st person, 2 = 2nd person, 3 = 3rd person; ACC = accusative, ADJ = adjectival, ADV = adverbial, APPROB = approbative (positive attitude), ATTR = attributive, COP = copula (be), DAT = dative, DIST = distant deictic, ERG = ergative, FUT = future tense, GEN = genitive, INCL = inclusive, IPFV = imperfective, JUS = jussive (encouragement), NEG = negation, NMLZ = nominalization, NP = proper noun, OPT = optative (wish), PL = plural, PEJ = pejorative (negative attitude), PFV = perfective, PROX = proximate deictic, PST = past tense, SJV = subjunctive, TOP = topic, VOC = vocative.


Ayeylanur oe eylanur lì'fyayä leNa'vi wotx:
ay-eylan-ur oe-yä Ø-eylan-ur lì’fya-yä le-Na’vi nì-wotx
PL-friend-DAT 1-GEN and PL-friend-DAT language-GEN ADJ-Na’vi ADV-all
"To all my friends and friends of the Na'vi language:"
Oel ayngati kameie, ma oe eylan, ulte ayngaru seiyi irayo.
oe-l ay-nga-ti kam<ei>e, ma oe-yä Ø-eylan ulte ayngaru seiyi =irayo
1-ERG PL-2-ACC see<APPROB> VOC 1-GEN PL-friend and PL-2-DAT make<APPROB> =thanks
"I See you, my friends, and I thank you."
Fpole' ayngal oer txan ftxavang a 'upxaret stolawm oel.
fp‹ol›e’ ay-nga-l oe-r fì=txan nì-ftxanvang a ’upxare-t st‹ol›awm oe-l
send<PFV> PL-2-ERG 1-DAT PROX=much ADV-passion(ate) ATTR message-ACC hear<PFV> 1-ERG
"I have heard the message you have sent me so passionately."
Lì'fyari leNa'vi oel 'efu aynge yawnit.
lì’fya-ri le-Na’vi oe-l ’efu ay-nge-yä tì-yawn-it
language-TOP ADJ-Na’vi 1-ERG feel PL-2-GEN NMLZ-beloved-ACC
"I feel your love for the Na'vi language."
Ulte omum oel futa tìfyawìntxuri oe perey aynga wotx.
ulte omum oe-l f=u-t=a [fì + 'u + t + a] tì-fyawìntxu-ri oe-yä p<er>ey ay-nga nì-wotx
and know 1-ERG PROX=thing-ACC=ATTR NMLZ-guide-TOP 1-GEN wait<IPFV> PL-2 ADV-all
"And I know you are all waiting for my guidance."
Spivaw oeti rutxe, ma oe eylan: oe new txan ayngaru fyawivìntxu.
sp‹iv›aw oe-ti rutxe ma oe-yä Ø-eylan oe new nì-txan ay-nga-ru fyaw‹iv›ìntxu
believe<SJV:JUS> 1-ACC please VOC 1-GEN PL-friend 1 want ADV-much PL-2-DAT guide<SJV>
"Please believe me, my friends: I want very much to guide you."
Slä nìawnomum, zene oe 'awsiteng kangkem sivi fohu a Uniltìrantokxit
slä nì-awn-omum zene oe ’awsiteng tìkangkem =s<iv>i Ø-fo=hu a Uniltìrantokx-it
but ADV-PL.1.INCL-know must 1 together work =make<SJV> PL-3=with ATTR Avatar-ACC
"But as you know, I must work together with those who have brought us “Avatar”"
kifkeyit Eywa'evengä zamolunge awngar.
kifkey-it Eywa=’eveng-ä zam‹ol›unge awnga-ru
and world-ACC Eywa=child-GEN bring<PFV> PL.1.INCL-DAT
"and the world of Pandora."
Foru 'upxaret oel fpole', slä vay set ke pahängem kea tì'eyng.
Ø-fo-ru ’upxare-t oe-l fp‹ol›e’ slä vay set ke p<am>äh<äng>em ke-a tì’eyng
PL-3-DAT message-ACC 1-ERG send<PFV> but until now NEG arrive<PST><PEJ> NEG-ATTR answer
"I have sent them a message, but up to now no answer has arrived."
Nìaynga oe perey teng.
nì-ay-nga oe p<er>ey nì-teng
ADV-PL-2 1 wait<IPFV> ADV-same
"Like you, I too am waiting."
'eyngit oel tolel a krr, ayngaru payeng,
tì’eyng-it oe-l t‹ol›el a krr ay-nga-ru p<ay>eng
answer-ACC 1-ERG receive<PFV> ATTR time PL-2-DAT tell<FUT>
"When I receive an answer, I will let you know,"
tsakrr paye'un sweya fya'ot a zamivunge oel ayngar
tsa=krr p<ay>e’un swey-a fya’o-t a zam<iv>unge oe-l ay-nga-r
DIST=time decide<FUT> best-ATTR way-ACC ATTR bring<SJV> 1-ERG PL-2-DAT
"and I will then decide the best way to bring you"
aylì'ut horentisì lì'fyayä leNa'vi.
ay-lì’u-t Ø-horen-ti=sì lì’fya-yä le-Na’vi
PL-word-ACC PL-rule-ACC=and language-GEN ADJ-Na’vi
"the words and rules of Na'vi."
Sìlpey oe, layu oeru ye'rìn sìltsana fmawn a tsun oe ayngaru tivìng.
sìlpey oe l<ay>u oe-ru ye’rin sìltsan-a fmawn a tsun oe ay-nga-ru t<iv>ìng
hope 1 COP<FUT> 1-DAT soon good-ATTR news ATTR be.able 1 PL-2-DAT give<SJV>
"I hope I will soon have good news to give you."
Aylì'ufa awngeyä 'eylanä a'ewan Markusì ta Ngalwey …
ay-lì’u=fa awnge-yä ’eylan-ä a-’ewan Markusì ta Ngalwey
PL-word=by.means PL.1.INCL-GEN friend-GEN ATTR-young Markus(NP) from Galway(NP)
"In the words of our young friend Markus from Galway …"
’Ivong Na'vi!
’<iv>ong Na’vi
bloom<SJV:OPT> Na’vi
"Let Na'vi bloom!"
Kìyevame ulte Eywa ngahu.
kìyevame ulte Eywa nga=hu
Goodbye and Eywa(NP) 2=with
"Goodbye for now, and may Eywa be with you."
Ta 'eylan karyusì ayngeyä, Pawl.
ta ’eylan karyu=sì ay-nge-yä Pawl
from friend teacher=and PL-2-GEN Pawl(NP)
"Your friend and teacher, Paul."