L E P/The body

Lexical Expansion Project

Unless you are a designated editor, please do not edit this page. You may comment in the discussion page, or make your comments in the forum. This page is the working space of the editors.

Body in general

body (tokx) (B)

Does "tokx" only refer to body in the anatomical sense (body of an animal/Na'vi/...) or is it a generic term for any space-filling objects (physical sense of "body"). Or are there different terms used for these concepts - as originally in German "Leib" (anat.) vs. "Körper" (phys.) - although nowadays "Leib" is mostly replaced by "Körper", it still exists in certain cases, e. g. it's Unterleib (lower body), not *Unterkörper.

skin (B)

Head

head (A)

face (A)

mouth (A)

tooth (B)

Maybe also a different term for the fangs.

nostrils, gills (C)

Are the shark-gill-like nostrils of a direwolf given the same name as Na'vi nostrils? As fish gills? What of fa'li?

breath (n and v) (B)

forehead (C)

chin (C)

cheek (C)

eyelid (C)

tear(s) (C)

part of the head, which doesn't belong to the face (C)

hair (B)

Neck

neck (B)

Is there just one word for the body-part between the head and the shoulders, or is it different at a whole and at the back-side - like "Hals" (neck) and "Nacken" (nape of the neck) in German?

Upper body

shoulder (B)

upper body (B)

Does "upper body" include the head (as e. g. Japanese "jôhanshin" - lit. upper half of body) or is it just the body-part between head and lower body (as e. g. German "Oberkörper" - lit. upper-body)?

breast (B)

Is it called the same in male Na'vi and in female Na'vi? Is there a special term for the protruding parts of the female breast, or is there just one term "breast" to describe both, the body-part between shoulder and stomach *and* the 'boobs'?

nipple (C)

breath (n and v) (B)

Maybe there are different verbs: to breath deliberately and automatically?

belly, stomach (A)

navel (C)

the back (dorsal part of the upper-body) (C)

side (lateral part of upper-body) (C)

spine (visible/touchable vertical line on the back) (C)

Lower Body

lower body (A)

Does "lower body" include the legs and feet (as e. g. Japanese "kahanshin" - lit. lower half of body) or is it just the body-part between stomach and legs (as e. g. German "Unterleib" - lit. lower-body)?

hip (C)

buttocks (B)

Are there different terms for the body-part itself and the two half-moon-parts, like German "Hintern"/"Gesäß" (= the body part as a whole) and "Backe" (= one of the two bulgings)?

to sit (A)

Jake is sitting on a rock / dire-horse.

to defecate (C)

Generic term and/or separated to urine and scat.

private parts (B)

At least a generic term would be helpful. Maybe different in males and females?

Arm/Leg

leg (kinam) / foot, arm (pxun) / hand (A)

Does "kinam" include the feet, like e. g. Japanese "ashi" does? Or is there a separate term for "foot"? Same question about "arm" (pxun) and "hand".

upper arm vs forearm, upper leg (thigh) vs lower leg (C)

wrist, ankle (C)

palm (of hand), sole (of foot) (C)

finger (zekwä) (C)

What are the names for the four fingers of the Na'vi-hand? When Jake is brought in, does a kid say something about him having four fingers? Does this mean the thumb is not a "zekwä", like partially in English, where the thumb often is seen in contrast to the fingers ("the tumb and the fingers"), while e. g. in German the "Daumen" (thumb) is always seen as a finger too, so the only correct way is: "the thumb and the other fingers".

fist (C)

toe (C)

Is it just "finger of the foot" like Latin "pedis digitus" or is there a special term like in English/German/Japanese?

nails (of fingers/toes) (B)

Is it the same word as claw?

Anatomy

bone, skeleton (B)

Are there basic terms for the various bones like 'skull'/'head bone', 'spine', 'chest-bones'?

blood, to bleed (B)

Maybe "blood" could be related to the name of it's color (red?), like e. g. *blood* (blood) > *bloodish* (red) - assuming that's the color of Na'vi blood, and that the Na'vi can even see red.

intestines (C)

Maybe as a generic term for more or less all inner organs.

muscle (C)

Is it - maybe - the same term like "flesh"?

tendon, sinew (C)

Are there separate words in body and used as binding or bowstring? What's the word for "bowstring"?

vessels (C)

At least a generic term for all blood-vessels (veins, arteries). Are "nerves" seen as "vessels" too (like they were e. g. in the medicine of ancient/medieval Europe), or do the Na'vi tell them apart from liquid-filled "vessels"?

fat, grease, oil (B)

Yerik fat is tasty.

Some languages distinguish lipids by their source, rather than consistency.

lungs (C)

Disease and alike

pus (C-D)

Either infected wound or boil or both?

pimple, boil, zit (C-D)

wart, mole (C-D)

injury, wound (B)

to recover (from a disease) (B)

Since Grace's wound was too severe, she couldn't recover.

to cure (C)

Mo'at cures the wounded hunter.

cure, drug, remedy (C)

It's likely that the Na'vi use e. g. herbs or alike to cure diseases or wounds. What's their generic term for these helpful stuff?

blind (C)

deaf (C)

Na'vi specials

queue (A)

Are the paired animal queues the same word as Na'vi queues?

Reproduction

milk (B)

The Na'vi would appear to be mammals.

lactate, nurse (v), suckle (C)

bear, give birth (B)

Do the Na'vi give birth? Or are they laying eggs or alike?

egg (C)

General

strong, vigorous, robust (A)

weak (A)